"Economic globalization has encountered headwinds and protectionism has risen," Xi said on a visit to Shenyang, "but we must insist on opening the door for development."

He also said China must make efforts to keep core technologies and equipment manufacturing in its own hands so development of the country would not be constrained by others. On that, Xi said much depended on the power of young people's creativity being brought into play.

Meanwhile, Beijing lashed out at America's US$52 billion (HK$405.6 billion) program to expand chipmaking, saying the blueprint violates fair market principles and targets Beijing's efforts to strengthen its chips industry. The US Chips Act, part of a package of incentives worth in excess of US$200 billion, is intended to give China's rivals a helping hand, said Yu Xiekang, vice chairman of the China Semiconductor Industry Association.