Local council and city mayors are elected in the polls, which are held every four years.

But these elections are also drawing global attention this year as Taiwan becomes a bigger geopolitical flashpoint between China and the US.

The Chinese government sees Taiwan as a breakaway province that will, eventually, be part of the country.

But many Taiwanese people consider their self-ruled island — with its own form of government and a democratic system — to be distinct.

This election also involves a referendum to lower the voting age to 18. Currently, only people above the age of 20 can vote. But more and more younger people appear to be becoming politically conscious, with turnout at the 2020 vote being the highest ever.

Young people have told the BBC they’re directly being driven by the “China threat” — an issue that has been a big part of the political conversation throughout their lives.

There are two main political parties in Taiwan and they have differing approaches to China.

The Kuomintang (KMT), a party of conservative business champions, are traditionally seen as pro-China “doves”. They have advocated for economic engagement with China and have appeared to be in favor of unification, though they have strongly denied being pro-China.

Their main rival is the governing Democratic People’s Party (DPP) whose leader Tsai Ing-wen won by a landslide in the 2020 national election. Tsai has taken a strong stance towards China, saying Beijing needed to show Taiwan respect and that Taipei would not bow to pressure.

She was re-elected in 2020 on a promise to stand up to Beijing. Locals told the BBC at the time that protests in Hong Kong and Beijing’s subsequent crackdown on civil rights had raised concerns in Taiwan.

“The DPP is experiencing diminishing returns to its traditional brand of Taiwanese nationalism,” said Wen-ti Sung, a Taiwan politics analyst in Taipei who works for the Australian National University.

He said this year was full of national security events that should have been favorable to the DPP’s “rallying around the flag” sentiment.

Those national security events refer to US House speaker Nancy Pelosi’s controversial visit to Taiwan and China’s massive military drills in response, the war in Ukraine and Chinese President Xi Jinping’s commitment to make progress on cross-strait relations.

“Yet virtually all the polls indicate the DPP [is] failing to translate heightened nationalist sentiment into electoral support, unlike its big wins after the 2014 Sunflower Movement and 2020 presidential election post-Hong Kong crisis,” he said.

The government has claimed, ahead of the vote, that election meddling and interference from China was less than previously recorded.

Taiwan has accused China of repeated efforts to influence voters — through online misinformation campaigns, military threats and even offering cheap flights to Taiwanese living in China.

But Foreign Minister Joseph Wu said Chinese interference “was not as prevailing as [in] previous elections”.

He noted that Beijing might simply be “very busy in dealing with its own domestic problems”, referring to China’s soaring COVID cases.

According to the polls, the mayoral race is quite close in Taipei and Hsinchu, Taiwan’s Silicon Valley which is home to the country’s world-leading semiconductor and microchip businesses.

The races to watch out for are in six major cities, where 75% of the population live.

In Taipei, the KMT’s candidate is a man who says he’s the great grand-son of Chiang Kai-shek, who ruled Taiwan for several decades in the 20th century.

The family has rejected the claim but analysts point out that the KMT have often alluded to the link in their campaign.

Hsinchu is also considered a bellwether, Dr. Sung said. It’s a three-way race for the mayorship, with the KMT and DPP candidates being challenged by a technocrat who is backed by the Taiwan People’s Party and Terry Gou, the founder of technology manufacturing giant Foxconn.

The incumbent DPP sees winning Hsinchu as critical to maintaining its electoral support in northern Taiwan.